THE DR. ADAM PECK
FOUNDATION

elECTRIC BIKE LAWS - STATE BY STATE


Source: People For Bikes
This organization is working to ensure low-speed electric bicycles are
regulated similarly to traditional, human-powered bicycles. 

Frequently Asked Questions

  • How can I get involved with Dr. Adam Peck Foundation?

    You can join write a letter to your legislator, donate to a memorial event, or lend your time and talents by reaching out through our contact page.

  • What types of advocacy does Dr. Adam Peck Foundation focus on?

    Our advocacy efforts focus on educational leadership, e-bike safety and awareness.

  • How can I donate to support Dr. Adam Peck Foundation?

    Donations can be made through one of the memorial programs remembering Adam. Should you wish to help with e-bike safety and awareness, please reach ou tthrough our contact form. 

  • What happened to Dr. Adam Peck?

    Adam Peck died from trauma sustained from a collision with an e-bike. It was after business hours and Adam was volunteering his time to attend a student meeting. As he was walking through campus to the meeting, Adam was struck by a cyclist illegally operating a motorized-ebike on a pedestrian path. Adam hit his head on the concrete pavement and never recovered.  

  • Alabama

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Alabama designates three classes of electric bicycles:

     

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle but they may ride as a passenger.

     

    Electric bicycles are allowed on bicycle or multi-use paths. However, local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric  bicycles on paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Alaska

    In Alaska, an electric bicycle is defined as a “motor-driven cycle.”

     

    A motor-driven cycle, electric bicycles are not subject to the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles.

     

    Electric bicycle riders must carry an operator’s license. Electric bicycles are not subject to registration or insurance requirements. Helmets are not required.

     

    There is a 14 year age minimum for electric bicycle use. Electric bicycles are not allowed on sidewalks or bike paths.

  • Arizona

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles under motor power on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations. Helmets are not required and there is no age minimum for electric bicycle use. Electric bicycles are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths.

  • Arkansas

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Helmets are required for riders of Class 3 electric bicycles under 21 years of age.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle. There are certain access restrictions for Class 3 electric bicycle riders. Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles under motor power on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • California

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Do not ride your eMTB in areas where the local rules are unclear. Ride legally and only on authorized trails to show that mountain bikers are responsible trail users. When in doubt, ask your local land manager about access to specific trails. Local land rules change frequently. Helmets are required for riders of Class 3 electric bicycles.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle (unless as a passenger). There are certain access restrictions for Class 3 electric bicycle riders. Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles under motor power on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Colorado

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Helmets are required for riders of Class 3 electric bicycles under 21 years of age. Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle. There are certain access restrictions for Class 3 electric bicycle riders. Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles under motor power on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations

  • Connecticut

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Helmets are required for riders of all classes of electric bicycles. Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless as a passenger Class 3 electric bicycles are not allowed on a bicycle trail or path or multiuse trail or path.

  • Delaware

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Unless otherwise prohibited by a governmental entity having jurisdiction, a person may operate an electric bicycle on any bicycle lane, path or multi-use path in this state. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations before riding. Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless as a passenger. All operators of a Class 3 electric bicycle must wear a helmet.

  • Florida

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Class 1, 2 and 3 electric bicycles may be ridden wherever bicycles are allowed including bicycle paths and multi-use paths. All operators and passengers of an electric bicycle under 16 years of age are required to wear a helmet. 

  • Georgia

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Class 3 electric bicycles are not allowed on a bicycle path or shared use path unless it is within or adjacent to a highway or roadway, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or state agency with jurisdiction. The local authority or state agency with jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed to ride. When in doubt, check locally for local rules and regulations. You must be 15 or older to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle, although a person under 15 may ride a Class 3 electric bicycle as a passenger. Helmets must be worn by any person who operates or rides as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle.

  • Hawaii

    An electric bicycle is defined as a “low-speed electric bicycle” whose assisted maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a motor, is less than 20 mph.

     

    Electric bicycle owners are required to be registered and pay a fee of $30 at any city hall satellite location or the state business registration unit in Honolulu. You must at least 18 years old to register. Persons 15 years and older may operate an electric bicycle if it is registered to a household member. Helmets are required for anyone under the age of 16. 

  • Idaho

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Electric bicycles are allowed bike paths. However, local goverments have the ability to restrict the use of electric bicycles on bike paths.

     

    When in doubt, check your town, city or county for local rules or regulations. The use of electric bicycles on singletrack mountain bike trails is determined by the agency or local authority with jurisdiction over that land. Check with your local land manager for information about access. 

  • Illinois

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle. Electric bicycles may not be ridden on sidewalks. Electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths. However, local govements have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Indiana

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

    Class 3 electric bicycles are not allowed on a trail, bicycle path or multipurpose path unless it is within or adjacent to a highway or roadway, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or state agency with jurisdiction.

     

    The local authority or state agency with jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed to ride. When in doubt, check locally for rules and regulations. You must be 15 or older to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle, although a person under 15 may ride a Class 3 electric bicycle as a passenger. Helmets must be worn by any person who operates or rides as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle and is under 18 years of age.

  • Iowa

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle but they may ride as a passenger. Electric bicycles are allowed on bicycle or multi-use paths. However, local governments may restrict the use of electric bicycles on paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

     

    People riding Class 3 electric bicycles on bicycle or multi-use paths must not exceed the posted speed limit, or if there is no posted speed limit, 20 miles per hour.

  • Kansas

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    A person under 16 cannot operate a Class 3 electric bicycle but can ride as a passenger. Electric bicycles are allowed on bicycle or multi-use paths. However, local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles on paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Kentucky

    In Kentucky, an electric bicycle is defined as “bicycle,” so long as the electric bicycle has operable pedals and can be operated under combined human and motor power.

     

    The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Helmets are not required and there is no age minimum for electric bicycle use. Electric bicycles are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths. Electric bicycle are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

  • Louisiana

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Class 1, 2 and 3 electric bicycles may be ridden wherever bicycles are allowed, including bicycle lanes and multi-use paths.

     

    This rule does not apply to non-motorized, natural surface trails. You must be 12 years or older to ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless the electric bicycle is designed to accommodate passengers. All operators and passengers of Class 3 electric bicycle are required to wear a helmet. A city, town or state agency that has jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations.

  • Maine

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

    A Class 3 electric bicycle may not be operated on a bike path unless it is within a highway or roadway, or Class 3 operation is allowed by the local authority.

     

    Helmets are required for riders or passengers under 16 years of age. A person under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 2 or Class 3 electric bicycle unless it is designed to accommodate passengers. Municipalities, local authority or governing body of a public agency that has jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations.

  • Maryland

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Class 3 electric bicycles are not allowed on a bicycle path unless it is adjacent to a highway or right-of-way, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or state agency with jurisdiction.

     

    Electric bicycles are not permitted on sidewalks unless expressly allowed. The local authority or state agency with jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed to ride. When in doubt, check locally for local rules and regulations. You must be 16 or older to operate a class 3 electric bicycle, although a person under 16 may ride a class 3 electric bicycle as a passenger

  • Massachusetts

    In Massachusetts, an electric bicycle is defined as a “motorized bicycle” as long as its maximum speed is 25mph.

    As motorized bicycles, electric bicycles are not subject to the same rules of the road as regular bicycles. Helmets are required, and there is a 16 year age minimum for electric bicycle use. Electric bicycles are not allowed on sidewalks or bike paths.

     

    Electric bicycle riders must carry an operator’s license and are subject to registration requirements. Electric bicycles are not subject to insurance 

  • Michigan

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

    Class 1 electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths and linear trails; while Class 2 or 3 electric bicycles are not, unless the local agency authorizes them. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations. 

     

    Helmets are required for riders of Class 3 electric bicycles under 18 years of age. Persons under 14 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless they are riding as a passenger. To ride an electric bicycle within the Mackinac Island State Park, a permit is required.

  • Minnesota

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    All classes of electric bicycles may ride on a bicycle path or shared use path where bicycles are permitted. Local governments have the authority to restrict the use electric bicycles on a bicycle path, bicycle trail or shared use path. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Mississippi

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle but they may ride as a passenger. Electric bicycles are allowed on bicycle or multi-use paths. However,  local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric  bicycles on paths. 

  • Missouri

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    All classes of electric bicycles may be ride on bicycle or multi-use paths where bicycles are permitted. Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles on a bicycle path or multi-use path. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Montana

    In Montana, an electric bicycle is defined as an “electrically assisted bicycle,” so long as the electric bicycle has a maximum speed of 20mph.

    The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Helmets are not required and there is no age minimum for electric bicycle use. Electric bicycles are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths. 

    Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

  • Nebraska

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles and may have two, three, or four wheels. The same rules of the road apply to both electric and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. There is no age minimum for electric bicycle riders. 

    As of 2023, Nebraska has designated three classes of electric bicycle:

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedlaring, and that ceases to provide assistance when the elecric bicycle reaches 28 mph. 

  • Nevada

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    All classes of electric bicycles may be ridden in places where bicycles are allowed, including streets, highways, roads, roadways, bicycle lanes, bicycle paths and shared-use paths. Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles on a bicycle path or shared- use path. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • New Hampshire

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. A Class 1 or Class 2 electric bicycle may be ridden on bicycle or multi-use paths where bicycles are permitted. Class 3 electric bicycles are only allowed on the roadway, unless otherwise allowed by the local authority.

    You must be 16 years or older to ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless the electric bicycle is designed to accommodate passengers. Helmets are required for riders or passengers of Class 3 electric bicycles under the age of 18. A city, town or state agency that has jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations.

  • New Jersey

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. New Jersey designates two classes of low-speed electric bicycles: Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

     

    Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles. 

     

    Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles may ride on bicycle paths. A local government can restrict where Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are allowed to ride. When in doubt, check local rules and regulations. Bicycles cannot be operated on sidewalks pedestrians occupy unless expressly allowed. 

  • New Mexico

    Electric bicycles are not subject to the same registration, licensing, and insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    As of 2023, New Mexico deisgnated three classes of electric bicycle:

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistanc when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph

     

    Class 1 electric bicycles may ride on a bicycle path or shared path where bicycles are permitted. Cities and towns may allow Class 2 and Class 3 electric bicycles to do the same. The minimum operator age is 16 years for a Class 3 electric bicycle

     

  • New York

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Solely within a city having a population of one million or more, a bicycle with electric assist having an electric motor that may be used exclusively to propel such bicycle, and that is not capable of providing assistance when such bicycle reaches a speed of twenty-five miles per hour.

     

    The industry-defined Class 3 electric bicycles ("bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 28 mph") are not defined or permitted to operate in New York. New York City reflects the state’s rules regarding the use and definition of electric bicycles.

     

    Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles:

    • Are regulated like bicycles and subject to the same rules of the road as human-powered bicycles

    • Are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    • Have access on roads with speed limits of 30 mph or less, including bike lanes.

    • Have access on some bike paths that are connected with or adjacent to roads.

    • May carry passengers and must ride single file. Cities and towns have extensive local authority, including the ability to prohibit electric bicycles or require helmets and reflective clothing.

  • North Carolina

    E-bikes are defined as “electric assisted bicycles,” so long as the electric bicycle’s motor is under 750w, has a maximum speed of 20mph, and has operable pedals.

     

    The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Helmets are not required but the age minimum for electric bicycle use is 16. Electric bicycles are allowed on sidewalks if bicycles are allowed. 

     

    Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. State law does specifically address whether electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths. Consult your local authority or agency for information about whether electric bicycles are permitted on bike paths.

  • North Dakota

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    A person under 18 cannot operate a Class 3 e-bike unless they are wearing a helmet. Electric bicycles are allowed on bicycle or multi-use paths. However, local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric  bicycles on paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.

  • Ohio

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Riders and passengers of Class 3 electric bicycles are required to wear helmets. 

     

    Electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths. However, local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations. The use of electric bicycles on singletrack mountain bike trails is determined by the agency or local authority which jurisdiction over that land. Check with your local land manager for information about access.

  • Oklahoma

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. 

     

    Class 3 electric bicycles are not allowed on a bicycle or multi-use path unless it is adjacent to a highway or roadway, or they are specifically allowed by the local authority or state agency with jurisdiction. The local authority or state agency with jurisdiction can restrict the use of electric bicycles. When in doubt, check with your city or county for local rules and regulations. You must be 16 years or older to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle. A person under 16 may ride as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle

  • Oregon

    Electric bicycles are classified as “electric assisted bicycles,” and are regulated like bicycles, so long as the bicycle’s motor has a maximum power output of 1,000w, has pedals that propel the bike with human power and the bike doesn’t exceed 20mph.

     

    Electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths but are not allowed on sidewalks 

     

    Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. The age minimum for electric bicycle riders is 16 years. Electric bicycle riders are not required to wear a helmet.

  • Pennsylvania

    Electric bicycles are defined as “pedalcycles with electric assist,” so long as the electric bicycle’s motor is under 750w, has a maximum speed of 20mph on a level surface when powered by the motor source only, weighs no more than 100 lbs and has operable pedals.

    The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles Helmets are not required. No person under 16 years of age may operate an electric bicycle.

     

    Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. Electric bicycles are allowed wherever bicycles or “pedalcycles” are allowed. Electric bicycles are allowed on sidewalks but restrictions may apply. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations

  • Rhode Island

    Electric bicycles are defined as “electric motorized bicycles.” “Electric motorized bicycles” are defined as vehicles with a power output no greater than 1,491w, a maximum speed of 25mph and fully operable pedals.

    Electric bicycles are subject to the rules of the road that apply to “vehicles.” 

     

    Electric bicycles are not subject to the laws that apply to “motor vehicles.” State law does not specifically address whether electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths. Consult your local authority or agency for information about whether electric bicycles are permitted on bike paths.

  • South Carolina

    Electric bicycles lack a specific classificat ion under current South Carolina trac laws. However, “electric bicycles” are “vehicles” and are therefore subject to the requirements for “vehicles.” Electric bicycles are subject to the rules of the road that apply to vehicles.

     

    Electric bicycles equipped with motors that have a power output of less than 750 watts are specifically exempt from the definition of “moped.” Therefore, electric bicycles are not subject to requirements that apply to “mopeds,” such as licensing and registration.

     

    Consult your local authority or agency for more information about electric bicycle regulation in your jurisdiction, including whether they are allowed on bicycle paths.

  • South Dakota

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Unless otherwise prohibited by a governmental entity having jurisdiction, a person may operate a Class 1 or Class 2 electric bicycle on any bicycle path or multi-use path in this state. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations before riding. Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless as a passenger.

  • Tennessee

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to • both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Persons under 14 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle.

     

    Riders and passengers of Class 3 electric bicycles are required to wear helmets. Electric bicycles are not allowed on sidewalks. Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths. However, local governments have the authority to restrict the use of Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations. Class 3 electric bicycles have limited use of bicycle paths and are generally not permitted.

  • Texas

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    You must be 15 or older to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle, although a person under 15 may ride a Class 3 electric bicycle as a passenger, if the e-bike is designed to carry more than one person. The state department or local authority with jurisdiction can implement certain restrictions, such dedicated mountain bike trails. Electric bicycles generally may not be restricted in places where bicycles are allowed to operate. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations.

  • Utah

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths but not on sidewalks.

  • Vermont

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles. 

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle but they may ride as a passenger. Electric bicycles are allowed on bicycle or multi-use paths. However,  local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric  bicycles on paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations

  • Virginia

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Electric bicycles may be ridden on bicycle lanes and multi-use paths where bicycles are permitted.

     

    You must be 14 years or older to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle. All operators and passengers of Class 3 electric bicycles must wear a helmet. A city, town or state agency that has jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations.

  • Washington

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor, that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph. Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths and improved trails; while Class 3 electric bicycles are not, unless the local agency authorizes them. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local regulations.

     

    Persons under 16 years of age may not ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless they are riding as a passenger. The use of electric bicycles on singletrack mountain bike trails is determined by the agency or local authority which jurisdiction over that land. Check with your local land manager for information about access.

  • Washington DC

    In D.C., an e-bike is defined as a“motorized bicycle” so long as the electric bicycle has operable pedals, can be operated under combined human and motor power and has a maximum speed of 20 mph. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

     

    The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. E-bikes may be operated on any sidewalk, o-street path, or bicycle route in the District. You must be 16 years or older to operate an electric bicycle.

  • West Virginia

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycles equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, and that is not capable of providing assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths, multi-use trails and single-use trails where non-electric bicycles are allowed. Class 3 may not be unless the jurisdiction expresly permits it.

     

    Passengers on Class 3 electric bicycles under the age of 15 must be on an electric bicycle driven by someone 18 years. All operators and passengers under 15 years old must wear a helmet. A city, town or state agency that has jurisdiction can restrict where electric bicycles are allowed. When in doubt, check for local rules and regulations before riding.

  • Wisconsin

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph.

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, and that is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

    Persons under 16 years of age may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycles.

     

    Local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles under motor power on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations

  • Wyoming

    Electric bicycles are regulated like bicycles. The same rules of the road apply to both electric bicycles and human-powered bicycles. Electric bicycles are not subject to the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that apply to motor vehicles.

    Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycles reaches 20 mph. 

    Class 2: Bicycle equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle, and that is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour.

    Class 3: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the electric bicycle reaches 28 mph.

     

    Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 electric bicycles are allowed on bike paths. However, local governments have the authority to restrict the use of electric bicycles on bike paths. When in doubt, check with your town, city, or county for local rules and regulations.